[Stackpole] Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles (World War II AFV Plans)

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GEORGE BRADFORD

1:35 scale 20

TAXIS & A LI ARMO FIGHTI G V

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ataloging-in-Publication Data

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MD Panhard 17 B M R35

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Abm ANSALDO

ITALY

(Lancia 1ZM, 1917)

DOD

(Autoblindamitragliatrice Ansaldo)

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1:4 t 1: 7

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ENLARGING 1:35 t 1:32 cal 1: 5 t 1: 16

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The Lancia 1ZM was one of the best Italian armored cars of World War I, and its performance was exceptional for the time period. It was based on the 1915 Ansaldo 1Z truck chassis, and mounted two 8mm St. Etienne Model 1917 machine guns in the large turret and a third in the rear. It was powered by a Lancia 35 hp., 4940 cc., 4-cylinder, water-cooled petrol engine, and could achieve a road speed of 37 mph and a range of 270 miles. The crew consisted of six men: commander, driver, mechanic/driver and three machine gunners. After World War I ended the Lancia Abm armored cars performed security tasks on the Yugoslav border. Others were sent to Libya with various upgrading for desert service, and later to Ethiopia in 1929. In January 1937 a 1ZM unit was sent to fight in Spain, and others were shipped to China. It was so rugged that it could still be found in use in Italian colonies at the opening of World War II.

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Ve oee L3/33 (C.V. L 3·33/11 serie) fitted with two 8mm Fiat model 14/35 MGs

A formation of Italian L3/33 tankettes on the move in the Western Desert, 1940.

1:35 scale

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Australian troops examine captured Italian M11139 medium tanks after the battle.

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Carro Armato M11/39 Ansaldo Medium Tank with 37mm sponson-mounted main gun and dual turret-mounted Breda machine guns

1:35 scale

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A group of captured Italian M11/39 medium tanks and an M13/40 at the back, which were used by the 6th Australian Cavalry for the defense ofTobruk in April 1941.

Carro Armato Mll/39

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rro Armato

Carro Armato L35/c (C.V. 33/11 serie)

L35/L. F. (Ianciafiamme)

fitted with the Swiss "Solothurn" S18-11 00 20mm anti-tank gun

C.V. 33/11 series fitted with flamethrower equipment

As early as 1928 the Italian authorities began to show an interest in a small two-man tankette. Twenty-five Carden Loyd Mk. VI tankettes were purchased from the British in 1929, and an Ansaldo/Fiat version was designed. This was designated as "Carro armato da accompagnamento per la fanteria" standing for infantry support tank. After trials in 1931 and a number of modifications, it was accepted as the "Carro armato veloce ALSALDO", and full production began in 1933. The new vehicle was now standardized as the C.v. 33 series I, and mounted a single air-cooled 6.5mm Fiat type AV machine gun. This series is recognized by its armament and a prominent track tension roller assembly. In 1935 the C.v. 33 series II appeared mounting twin 8mm Fiat 1935 machine guns. It now also featured the simpler rear tension roller, and revised armor plate angles on the rear of the crew compartment. The riveted superstructure appears mainly on the later C.v. 35 models starting in 1936. A confusing number of upgrade alterations followed, until many of the earlier models were retrofitted to series II or the latest production C.v. 35 standards. From that point on they were all usually referred to as the C.v. 35. Then in 1938 the designation L3-35 became the standard, and finally just L35.

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After initial trials in 1931 and a number of modifications, this small tankette was accepted as the "Carro armato veloce ALSALDO", and full production began in 1933. The new vehicle was now standardized as the C.v. 33 series I, and mounted a single air-cooled 6.5mm Fiat type AV machine gun. This series is recognized by its armament and a prominent track tension roller assembly. In 1935 the C.v. 33 series II appeared mounting twin 8mm Fiat 1935 machine guns. It now also featured the simpler rear tension roller, and revised armor plate angles on the rear of the crew compartment. The riveted superstructure appears mainly on the later C.v. 35 models starting in 1936. A confusing number of upgrade alterations followed, until many of the earlier models were retrofitted to series /I or the latest production C.v. 35 standards. From that point on they were all usually referred to as the C.v. 35. Then in 1938 the designation L3-35 became the standard, and eventually they were just referred to as the L35. One of the more common variants on this chassis was the flamethrower version. This mounted a single 8 cal. MG beside a long flamethrower barrel. The orginal design incorporated a self-contained container on the rear deck for the flame liquid. However, a second version towing the trailer of fluid behind seems to had better acceptance. The self-contained version carried only 60 liters, while the trailer version carried 500 liters. They had a fire range of 60 yards, and apparently were used both in Africa and on the Russian front.

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The interesting field modification shown here features the 20mm "Solothurn" anti-tank gun fitted to a C.v. 33 series II radio model and locally designated as L35/c. In 1941, when it was realized that the MG armament was now ineffective, a small number of vehicles were customized with this 20mm gun in an attempt to give the L35 (C.v. 33) some much needed firepower. The modification utilized the same parts and supports as the mono armed early C. V. 33, thus maintaining the original line of sight and fire. Ammunition stowage was also the same, so few changes had to be made. The few on record were modified in the field and saw action in North Africa. They were mainly used for covering fire in the final battles of the first British counteroffensives of 1941. During later operations they were all withdrawn from frontline service and several were later captured by the British on the high ground above Bardia. The large storage bins on each side of the radio version housed the Marelli batteries. Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Carro Armato M13/40

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A clear front view of the Italian M13/40 medium tank on display in England at the Bovington Tank Museum, showing the rivet detail and the twin Breda 8mm machine guns and their bow mount.

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A rear view of one of the M13/40s that were on display at the Worthington Tank Museum at Canadian Forces Base Borden.

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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rmato L6/40

Autoblinda AB41 North African Campaign Upper portion of side doors open independently.

1:35 scale

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Shown with the low-profile tread Pirelli "Libia" tires.

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Recessed headlamps shown with the armored cover in the open position.

Side View

Front View

Carro Armato L6/40 LF Lanciafiamme This variant of the L6/40 had the 20mm gun replaced with a flame projector, in a revised mantlet.

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Autoblinda AB41

Semovente da 75/18

North African Campaign

su Seafo M40 Folding aerial position

-----------

Upper portion of side doors open independently.

Shown with the low-profile tread Pirelli ''Libia'' tires.

1:35 scale

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Recessed headlamps shown with the armored cover in the open position.

Side View

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Front View

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Carro Commando M41 o Q)

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Indian troops inspect a catured Italian Semovente da 75/18 which has obviously been pressed into German service after the Italian armistice in the summer of 1943. When used by German forces, they were known as the Sturmgeschutze M42 mit 75/34 851 (i).

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A rear view of the Italian Semovente da 75/18 on display at the Aberdeen Proving Ground.

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CARRO COMMANDO PER SEMOVENTE DA 75/18 Early in 1941 it was recognized that the Italian Semovente assault gun groups would need an armored command vehicle. At first these were simply M13/40 or M14/41 tank chassis with the turret removed, and small hatches in the turret ring cover, but eventually this was improved with practical hatch doors and a heavy machine gun replacing the standard twin 8mm hull MGs. The later command versions were fitted with the 13.2 Breda M31 heavy machine gun, but it was far from adequate when under attack by enemy armor.

The illustration at the left demonstrates how the later hatches hinged outward. Two of the 4 hatches are shown open.

Unfortunately, these command vehicles were easily recognized by the enemy and were often taken out first. Observation was at a minimum with the top hatches closed, and the observer was vulnerable to artillery fragments with the hatches open. Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Semovente L40 da 47/32

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A rather battle-worn Semovente L40 da 47/32, possibly lost in Sicily or during the final days of fighting in Tunisia.

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Semovente L40 da 47/32

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Optional rear idler from the M14/41 as used on later L 40s.

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Semovente da 90/53

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Semovente da 90/53

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1:48 scale

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Autocarro FIAT 665 NM Scudato

Camionetta AS 42, "Sahariana"

Armored Troop Carrier

Armed with Breda 20mm gun

1:35 scale

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The interior arrangement differed depending on the armament fitted. These could be the Breda 20mm anti-aircraft gun, the Solothurn 20mm anti-tank gun, a 47mm cannon, or simply light machine guns and extra personnel.

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Semovente da 105/25 su Seafo M43

1:35 scale

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An interesting group of Italian armored vehicles captured near Licats, Sicily, by Allied forces in October 1943.

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A captured Italian Semovente da 105/25 that had been in German service during the final battles of the war.

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Autoblindata "Lince"

Carro Armato P40

(Ansaldo-Lancia)

1:35 scale

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Interior arrangement.

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Tankette, Type 97, Te-Ke

JAPAN

Tankette, Type 94, TK

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1:35 scale

1:35 scale

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edlum ank, Type 89-8

Light tan k, lype-95, Kyu-go \ (

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T r ht tank entered Japanese he Type-95 Kyu-go 51~ the Imperial Japa~eseh service .In 1935, (259 In the last two d'Igl,'ts In t e ethod of datlng-hen?e d by Mitsubishl heavy m ) It was deslgne h name Ha-go. vehicle ID .he rototypes going by t. e 16,800 Ibs industnes, t 6-12mm armor, welg hed f advanced The Kyu-go ha The engine was 0 , d had a crew of thre,e. Mitsubishi six cylinder h an h time being a d of 40 kp design w'ith 110 hp, for a mounted a d air-coole I f 242 km. The b II mount at the range 0 MG In a a an7/37a cannon, WI'th a 7.7mm MG was .In the left front bow, 3 Another 7.7mm lar with the troops, right reaKr. go proved to be popu delayed until Theh yument was , so muc so that its replace ely unaltere d Kyu-go design an

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• . & Allied Armore d Fighting Vehicles Other AXIs

. Arm ored Fighting Vehicles Other Axis & Allied

35

Ho-

mounting Type 38

Ho-Ni I; Type 1, 7.Scm SIP Gun

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I; Type 1, 10cm SIP Gun

Ho-Ni III; Type 3, 7.Scm Gun Tank, Model B

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39

Type 3, Chi-nu Medium Tank

39M "Csaba" Armored Car

UNGARY

Intended for the final defense of the Home Islands

1:35 scale

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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38M Toldi I (38M Toldi k.hk. A20)

40M uran I

By 1936 the Magyar goverment realized that is was necessary to upgrade the Hungarian Army (Honvedseg). There were treaty restrictions from World War I in place that would not let Hungary purchase armor abroad, but the Magyar goverment still managed to purchase a Lansverk L-60 light tank from Sweden, and a production license was granted in 1937.

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1:35 scale

1:35 scale

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Initial tests were quickly conducted, parts were imported, production lines at two firms-MAVAG and Ganz-established, and by early 1940 the first two Toldis were sent to the 2nd Motorized Brigade for military testing. However, production problems followed and by June 1940 there were still only 20 Toldis available, some only partially equipped. It was now designated 38M Toldi. The name "Toldi" was derived from an ancient legendary Magyar warrior of the 14th century. The armament chosen was the 20mm 36M "Solothurn" heavy anti-tank rifle, and an 8mm Gebauer 34/37 coaxial MG. The German successes in France convinced the Honvedseg that total mechanization was critical, and production began in earnest. The Toldi first saw action in Yugoslavia during the April 1941 invasion, where about 54 took part. They eventually served in Russia, but were quickly relegated to light reconnaissance duty. The Toldi II varied mainly by the fact that most of its internal components were now built in Hungary. The production breakdown by 1944 was 80 Toldi I and 110 Toldi II.

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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38M Toldi Iia (38.M Toldi k.hk. 840)

40M Nimrod Hungarian Anti-Aircraft Tank

From the time the Toldi light t nk was conceived, it was always a race to overcome the fact that it was undergunned. Both Toldi I and Toldi II mounted a 20mm 36M "Solothurn" heavy anti-tank rifle, and an 8mm coaxial MG in the turret. The Hungarian 1st Armored Division sported 19 Toldis, 12 in the 1st Armored Scout Battalion, and 5 more were attached to the 51 st Armored Tank Destroyer Battalion.

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The Toldi II was basically the same as the Toldi I, except that now all the components were manufactured in Hungary. However, the Toldi Iia was an attempt to up-gun and up-armor the Toldi a bit. The 36/42M 40mm gun had been scheduled for use in the Toldi III, but now it would rearm the Toldi II, as the Iia version. To make space for the larger breech, a turret extension was added for the radio and ammo storage. About 80 Toldis were rebuilt to this Iia version by April 1944.

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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41M luran II

43M Zrinyi II (Later 43.M Zrlnyi 105)

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uran III

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R-l Tankette

OMANIA

prototype

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(Czech export of CKD tankette AH-IV)

In the mid-1930s CKD had been successful in garnering sizeable orders for its tanks from Iran, and this sale caught the eye of other countries. The Iranian sale was only partially delivered when World War II broke out and Czechoslovakia could no longer honor the contract. Atotal of 50 AH-IV tankettes and 50 TNH light tanks (plus 2 prototypes) had been delivered to Teheran by May, 1937. The Iranians were very impressed with the performance of these Czech vehicles and planned to order several hundred more, but war intervened. The Iranian orders had caught the attention of Romania, and although the tankette would soon be a thing of the past, they negotiated with CKD for 35 of the AH-IV tankettes, to be known as the R-1 in Romanian service.

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The thirty-five R-1 tankettes acquired from CKD saw service with the 1st Romanian Cavalry Division, and fought on the Russian Front as best they could. Romanian forces suffered horrendous losses in men and armor during the Stalingrad fighting. Somehow several of the R-1 s managed to survive and were seen taking part in the liberation of Slovakia in 1945. After the war ended Czech companies continued their tank production. Since the original R-1 prototype still remained the property of CKD, it was considered for an Ethiopian order in 1948. For this it was refitted with aTatra 114 air-cooled diesel engine as the AH-IV Hb.

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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ACAM lU-6~OAA---~~~

Romanian R-2 (Skoda Light Tank R-2)

(Tun Anticar cu Afet Mobil)

76.2mm F22 SPG In an attempt to shore up the Romanian armored forces in early 1943, the Germans had supplied them with a mixed bag of vehicles. Among these were more than a few dozen captured Russian T-60 Light tanks which the Romanians then proceeded to rebuild as tank destroyers. Twenty-three T-60s went to the Leonida factory for the re-build in Nov. 1942, and another 11 arrived there late in Jan. 43. There were also 38 Soviet M-1936 76.2mm semi-auto field guns available in the depot at Tirgoviste, and these were chosen as the weapon to be mounted.

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Thesewerethenfittedw~i~th~t~he~S~o~v~ie~t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ F-22 76.2mm divisional guns mounted in an open casemate, and were designated TACAM T-60 and T-60A, depending on whether they were model 1941 or 1942 chassis. In all, 34 TACAM T-60s were completed and assigned to the rebuilding of the Romanian 1st Armored Division in late 1943. 16 went to the 1st Armd. Regt. and 18 to the 2nd Armd. Regt, where they were designated as the 61 st and 62nd TACAM companies. They saw service in 1944 with 1st Armd. Div. and 8th Motorized Cavalry Division, and those that survived fell into the hands of the Red Army.

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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TACAM R-2 (Tank Hunter)

FRANCE

(Tun Anticar cu Afet Mobil)

After the disastrous battles for dominance at Stalingrad the Romanian army had only 40 remaining R-2 tanks in their inventory. Due to their light armament, they were chosen to be uparmed with the captured Soviet ZIS-3 M1942 76.2mm gun, to serve as tank hunters. The end result was similar to the German Marders. The gun was modified by Resita to fire Romanian ammunition, and by June 1944 twenty vehicles had been converted.

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Citroen-Kegresse half-tracked armored car

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The TACAM R-2 tank hunters were organized into the 63rd TACAM Company and took part in the fighting for the liberation of Bucharest, Ploesti and Northern Transylvania. Ten were lost in these battles and the remainder were passed on to the 2nd Armored Regt. in Nov. 44, and fought alongside Soviet units in the liberation of Slovakia, Austria and Moravia.

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AMC Schneider PIG (M29)

1:35 scale

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The final production model of the Schneider P16 was designated as the Auto-mitrailleuse de Combat (AMC) Schneider (P16), Mle 1929. During the 1930s, the AMC Schneider (P16) appears to have served in six of the French Cavalry's seven "Groupes Autonomes d'autos-mitrailleuses" (GAAM) then in existence. They were: the 1st GAAM in Orleans, the 2nd GAAM in Strassebourg, the 3rd GAAM in Paris, the 4th GAAM in Reims, the 5th GAAM in Compiegne, and the 7th GAAM in Saint Omer. However, they were never quite satisfactory and were were replaced by the Panhard 178 (AMD-35) armored cars and the Hotchkiss H-35 and H/38 tanks, once these were available. Some of these half-tracked armored cars served in North Africa with the 4th Regiment de Chasseurs d'Afrique, in Tunis in 1939. When France went to war in August 1939, there were 74 Schneider (P16) Mle 1929, which were reclassified as Autos-mitrailleuses de Reconnaissance (AMR) and incorporated into five armored car squadrons. Another squadron of 14 cars was serving in Algiers (Algeria) with the 5th Regiment de Chasseurs d'Afrique. Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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enault UE

Le vehicule blinde

Chenillette de ravitaillement d'infanterie Mle 1931 R

Lorraine 1938L de chasseurs partes

(Armored Infantry Carrier) These vehicles were developed by the company Societe Lorraine, in an attempt to fill a requirement by the French Army for a vehicle to replace their Type UE chenillettes with a larger, more practical all-purpose carrier.

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1:35 scale

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Driver's hatch in the fully raised position.

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Type 37L Supply Vehicle (tracteur de ravitaillement pour chars 1937L)

These two views show the UE with the conical hatches in their open position.

The original Lorraine Type 37L was accepted, and went into production in 1937, with an initial requirement for 214 vehicles. This supply vehicle version was the only type in mass production before the German invasion. Eventually, 432 chassis were produced for all types. The proposed armored personnel carrier version, Type 1938 L de chasseurs portes, simply raised the walls on the rear cargo area to accommodate infantry or anti-tank crews. All these vehicles were also fitted to tow a tracked trailer or gun where necessary. In 1939 Lorraine built a prototype of an even more practical armored personnel carrier which was well advanced for the time, but the war intervened before it could go into serious production.

Type 1939 model APe design 54

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Char 81 bis (Renault 1936) APX 4 turret

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Right-hand view of gun mantlet.

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FCM36 (Char leger Modele 1936 FCM) Ordered by the French Army in 1936, this light tank was somewhat unique for the times because of its rakish angled armor and the use of a diesel engine. By 1939 about 100 had been delivered. It mounted a 37mm cannon, and a two man crew. The FCM 36 was deployed during the 1940 French campaign, but met the same fate as most other French armor at that time. The surviving vehicles were later utilized as chassis for several German self-propelled guns.

1:35 scale

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Vision port in open position.

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The Char de bataille B1 bis was France's main battle tank in 1940. An improved version of the Char B1, it was fitted with the new APX 4 turret mounting a 47mm gun, along with a 75mm gun in the bow.

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Numerous French firms were involved in its production, including Renault, Schneider, FAMH St-Chamond and FCM, with ARL overseeing development. o o

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Panhard 178 B

A.M.C. Renault 1935 type ACG 1

1:35 scale

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AMD Panhard 178

50MUA 5-35

Modele 1935

A right side turret and entry door view.

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20 The Panhard Model 1935 was mainly used in a reconnaissance role with both the infantry and cavalry units. They took part in both the first stages of war on the French border with Germany in 1939-40 and the eventual invasion. This APX 3 turreted version of the P-178 mounted an 25mm SA 34 anti-tank cannon, and one 7.5mm MG. The APX-3-8 turreted version mounted a pair of 7.5mm MGs. The vehicle had a maximum speed of 45mph on road. After the armistice many of these armored cars were quickly pressed into service by the Germans with various modifications. These vehicles were then designated as Panzerspahwagen Panhard 178-P204(f), and served on both the Eastern and Western Fronts. There were also about 45 turretless P-178s that had been hidden away by the Underground Army, who eventually fitted them with turrets and various armament. However, they never did playa part in the liberation process, since they were eventually taken over by the Germans when they overpowered the French Armistice Force garrisons later in 1942. After Paris was liberated in August 1944, production of the P-178 was resumed, but with a new larger turret and 47mm cannon, as the type 1788 model.

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1:35 scale

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Cupola vision port in the open position.

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Char leger Mle 1935 R Renault R-35 The early turrets displayed large protruding binocular "diascope" vision

Char leger Mle 1939 H Hotchkiss H-39

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mounting the long 37mm SA 38 cannon

devices. These drawings show the later APX-R turret with its smaller PPLRX-160 episcopes.

The early SA 18 short 37mm turret.

Rear turret hatch in the lowered position.

Sectional profile of the early binocular style view ports.

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1:35 scale

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By 1940 the R-35 was the most numerous French tank in service, with more than 1,600 being built. A number were also exported, to Romania (40), Turkey (100), Poland (50) and Yugoslavia (50). It was classified as a light tank, but with armor heavy enough to act as infantry support. The cast hull was made of three pieces, plus a steel plate underpan. The standard APX-R turret was fitted with a 37mm SA 18 gun (semi-automatic, model 1918), very similar to that mounted in the earlier FT-17. Around 1938 some were fitted with unditching tails. They were normally issued to independent tank battalions assigned to support infantry divisions. The Germans managed to acquire about 870 of them from various sources early in the war and they ended up on all fronts, and in many configurations.

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Showing rear turret hatch in the open position.

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The H-35 light tank was in full production when it was realized that it was underpowered, and plans for a revised model with a more powerful engine soon emerged. The old 75 hp engine was replaced by a 125 hp Hotchkiss 6-cylinder version, and this altered the rear deck considerably. The latest APX-R turret was fitted, and this model also featured the new steel-rimmed roadwheels, as opposed to the earlier rubber-rimmed type. By 1939 the SA 38 long barreled version of the 37mm gun was available and began replacing the short SA 18 cannon on many H-39s. The H-39 chassis saw service with the German occupying forces, and 72 of them were shipped to the Becker firm in Krefeld for conversion to self-propelled guns. Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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20mm Quad, AlA Tank, "Skink"

A ADA CANADIAN DRY PIN TRACK

1:48 Scale

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The Canadian-built Skink was the Allies answer to the ideal antiaircraft tank to protect armored units from air attack. There was an initial order placed for 300 Skinks on the Grizzly I chassis, armed with four 20mm guns, but when it was eventually realized that the German air threat no longer existed, production was stopped at three completed vehicles and eight turret kits. A single Skink was eventually sent on trials with the 4th Canadian Armoured Division in March 1945 and proved overly effective in the ground role of wrinkling out stubborn pockets of German infantry.

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Other Axis & Allied Armored Fighting Vehicles

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Car, Light Recon, G.M. Mk. I

Ram I Cruiser Tank

"OTTER" Mk. I

(Early version with 2 pdr.)

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