VOZ PASSIVA - present continuous e simple past

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VOZ PASSIVA Diferentemente da voz ativa, em que a ênfase está ​em quem praticou a ação, ou seja, no sujeito, a voz passiva se preocupa em enfatizar o objeto​, ou seja, aquele ​que sofre a ação expressa pelo verbo. Ao se passar para a voz passiva, o primeiro passo é inverter ​ o objeto, colocando-o no início da frase. Exemplo no simple past: The men b ​ uilt ​that house. ​Voz ativa ​= Os homens construíram aquela casa.​ ​That house ​was built ​by the men​. ​Voz passiva ​= Aquela casa foi construída pelos homens. Nota-se que além da inversão do objeto, houve também uma mudança quanto ao tempo verbal da frase. Na voz ativa, o verbo estava no passado simples, e ​na voz passiva foi acrescentado o passado do verbo “to be” ​mais o particípio passado do verbo ​to build ​(to build, built, ​built​). Além disso, houve também o acréscimo de ​by ​logo após a locução verbal.

Mudanças nos tempos verbais Voz ativa

Voz passiva

Exemplos

are/ is + particípio

Voz ativa​: Bob ​writes ​letters. (Bob escreve cartas). Voz Passiva​: Letters ​are written ​by Bob. (Cartas são escritas por Bob).

Present Continuous

is/are + being + verbo no particípio

Voz ativa​: Bob ​is writing ​a letter. (Bob está escrevendo uma carta). ​Voz passiva​: A letter ​is being written ​by Bob. (Uma carta está sendo escrita por Bob).

Simple Past

was/were + verbo no particípio

Voz ativa​: Bob w ​ rote ​a letter. (Bob escreveu uma carta). Voz passiva​: A letter was written by Bob. (Uma carta foi escrita por Bob).

was/were + being + verbo no particípio

Voz ativa​: Bob w ​ as writing ​a letter. (Bob estava escrevendo uma carta). ​Voz passiva​: A letter ​was being written ​by Bob. (Uma carta estava sendo escrita por Bob).

will be + verbo no particípio

Voz ativa​: Bob w ​ ill write ​a letter. (Bob escreverá uma carta). Voz passiva​: A letter ​will be written ​by Bob. (Uma carta será escrita por Bob).

has/have + been + verbo no particípio

Voz ativa:​ Bob h ​ as written ​letters. (Bob tem escrito cartas). Voz passiva​: Letters h ​ ave been written ​by Bob. (Cartas têm sido escritas por Bob).

had been + verbo no particípio

Voz ativa:​ Bob ​had written ​letters. (Bob tinha escrito cartas). Voz passiva:​ Letters h ​ ad been written ​by Bob. (Cartas tinham sido escritas por Bob).

Simple Present

Past Continuous

Future

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

OBSERVAÇÃO: ​Quando o sujeito da voz ativa for indeterminado (​someone –​ alguém, ​people –​ pessoas), não se coloca o agente da passiva (aquele ​ que sofreu a ação pelo verbo), nem ​by​. Exemplo: ​Voz ativa​: ​Someone opened the gate​. (Alguém abriu o portão).

Voz passiva​: ​The gate was opened.​ (O portão foi aberto).

Verbo TO BE em vários tempos verbais

Tempos Verbais

Forma Afirmativa

Forma Negativa

Forma interrogativa

Simple Present

am / ​are / is

am not / aren’t / isn’t

am / ​are / is + ​sujeito

Present Continuous

is/are + being

isn’t being / aren’t being

is/are + ​sujeito ​+ being

Simple Past

was/were

wasn’t / weren’t

was/were ​+ sujeito

Past Continuous

was/were + being

wasn’t being / weren’t being

was/were + ​sujeito ​+being

Future

will be

won’t be

will + ​sujeito +​ be

Present Perfect

has/have + been

hasn’t been / haven’t been

has/have + ​sujeito ​+ been

Past Perfect

had been

hadn’t been

had + ​sujeito ​+ been

Alterações nos pronomes pessoais passando para ​pronomes de objeto (ou vice-versa)

I ​→ ​me you ​→ ​you he ​→ ​him she ​→ ​her it ​→ ​it we ​→ ​us you ​→ ​you they ​→ ​them

Exercícios de voz Passiva no Simple Present 1) He opens the door. The door was opened by him. (to open, opened, opened) Ele abre a porta 2) We set the table. The table is set by us (to set, set, set) Nós arrumamos a mesa 3) She pays a lot of money. A lot of money is paid by her. (to pay, paid, paid) Ela paga muito dinheiro. 4) I draw a picture. A Picture is drawn by me(to draw,drew, drawn) Eu desenho uma figura. 5) They wear blue shoes. Blue shoes are worn by them. (to wear, wore, worn) Eles usam sapatos azuis. 6) They don't help you. You are not helped by them(to help, helped, helped) ​ ​Eles não te ajudam 7) He doesn't open the book. The book is not opened by him.(to open, opened, opened) Ele não abre o livro. 8) You do not write the letter. The letter is not written by you. (to write, wrote, written) Você não escreve a carta. 9) Does your mum pick you up? Are you picked up by your mum? (to pick, picked, picked) A tua mãe vai te buscar? 10) Does the police officer catch the thief? Is the thief caught by the police officer? (to catch, caught, caught)​ ​O policial pegou o ladrão? Gabarito: 7) The book is not opened by him. ​ ​8) The letter is not 1) The door is opened by him. ​ ​2) The table is set by written by you. ​ ​9) Are you picked up by your mum? us. ​ ​3) A lot of money is paid by her. ​ ​4) A picture is 10) Is the thief caught by the police officer? drawn by me. ​ ​5) Blue shoes are worn by them. 6) You are not helped by them.

Exercícios de voz Passiva no Present Continuous 1) Sheila is drinking a cup of tea. A cup of tea is being drunk by Sheila. (to drink, drank, drunk)​ ​Sheila está bebendo uma xícara de chá 2) My father is washing the car. The car is being washed by my father. (to wash, washed, washed)​ ​Meu pai está lavando o carro. 3) Farmer Joe is milking the cows. The cows are being milked by farmer Joe. (to milk, milked, milked)​ ​O Fazendeiro Joe está ordenhando as vacas. 4) She is taking a picture of him. A Picture of him is being taking by her. (to take, took, taken)​ ​Ela está tirando uma foto dele 5) I am writing a poem. A poem is being written by me. (to write, wrote, writing)​ ​Eu estou escrevendo um poema. 6) We are not playing football. Football is not being played by us. (to play, played, played)​ ​Nós não estamos jogando futebol.

Exercícios de voz Passiva no Simple Past 1) She sang a song. A song was sung by her. (to sing, sang, sung)​ ​Ela cantou uma música 2) Somebody hit me. I was hit by somebody. (to hit, hit, hit)​ ​Alguém me machucou. 3) We stopped the bus. the bus was stopped by us. (to stop, stopped, stopped)​ ​Nós paramos o ônibus. 4) A thief stole my car. My car was stolen by a thief. (to steal, stole, stolen)​ ​Um ladrão roubou meu carro. 5) They didn't let him go. He wasn’t let go by them. (to let, let, let)​ ​Eles não deixaram ele ir. 6) She didn't win the prize. The prize wasn´t won by her. (to win, won, won)