ANTIGO TESTAMENTO HEBRAICO - INTRODUÇÃO EM INGLÊS

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Law Prophets Writings The Hebrew Old Testament Ben Chayim/Ginsburg Textus Receptus With Massoretic Notes

Revision: 18th October 2003 The latest draft of this book can be downloaded from: http://www.moses.uklinux.net/pdf/bible/

________________________________________________________________________________ Eleitos de Deus – Pregando a Teologia Reformada e Calvinista Visite nosso site: www.eleitosdedeus.org

Introduction This edition of Old Testament in the original Hebrew and Aramaic languages is based on the Jacob ben Chayim recension as preserved in Christian David Ginsburg’s Second Edition published by the Trinitarian Bible Society in 1894. The notes found in his Third Edition and published by the British and Foreign Bible Society were also extensively used in preparation of this book. It was prepared in strict accordance with the following basic principles: 1. No variations, however strongly supported by the Hebrew manuscripts and printed editions have been introduced into the text but were relegated to the margins and footnotes. 2. The modern chapter and verse numbering in the margins was preserved for the sake of convenient reference. 3. Massoretic summaries at the end of each book are for the first time (in a Bible edition as far as I know) given with the English translations. 4. In the massoretic summaries for individual parashahs of the Torah the signs found in Jacob Ben Chayim’s Second Rabbinic Bible 1524-25 are given in addition to the standard signs usually found in best massoretic MSS. The words which have a textual variant note are marked with the circle above the affected letter or between the words if the note refers to more than one word. The words which have a massoretic note in the margin are marked with the asterisk. Special thanks are due to Dr Yannis Haralambous for allowing me to use his Tiqwah system and fonts for typesetting this book. The following people helped with this project (in chronological order): Eric Browning, Anoush Yavrian and Duane D. Miller. And, most of all, I thank the Lord my God for providing everything I needed for working on preserving his written words in this generation.

Tigran A. Aivazian Email: Stanmore, England Work started in May 2002. iii ________________________________________________________________________________ Eleitos de Deus – Pregando a Teologia Reformada e Calvinista Visite nosso site: www.eleitosdedeus.org

iv

The Hebrew Alphabet consists of 22 (2 11) letters, so the 5 finals were added to make up three series of 9, or 27 in all: Aleph Beth Gimel Daleth He Vau Zayin Cheth Teth

=1 =2 =3 =4 =5 =6 =7 =8 =9

Yod Kaph Lamed Mem Nun Samech Ayin Pe Tsade

= 10 = 20 = 30 = 40 = 50 = 60 = 70 = 80 = 90

Koph Resh Shin Tau Kaph final Mem final Nun final Pe final Tsade final

= 100 = 200 = 300 = 400 = 500 = 600 = 700 = 800 = 900

The Greek Alphabet The Greek letters were 24, and the required number, 27, was made up by using the final ς (called Stigma) for 6, and adding two arbitrary symbols called respectively Koppa, for 90 and Sampsi, for 900. Why this letter ς and the number 6 are thus associated is unknown, except that both are intimately connected with the ancient Egyptian ‘‘mysteries.’’ The three letters S S S (in Greek Σ Σ Σ) were the symbol of Isis, which is thus connected with 666. Indeed the expression of this number, Χξς, consists of the initial and final letters of the word Χριστος, Christ, with the symbol of the serpent between them, Χ–ξ–ς. Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Stigma Zeta Eta Theta

α=1 =2 γ=3 δ=4 ε=5 ς=6

=7 η=8 ϑ=9

Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Nu Xi Omikron Pi Koppa

ι = 10 κ = 20 λ = 30 µ = 40 ν = 50 ξ = 60 ο = 70 π = 80 = 90

Rho Sigma Tau Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega Sampsi

= 100 σ = 200 τ = 300 υ = 400 ϕ = 500 χ = 600 ψ = 700 ω = 800 = 900

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ANTIGO TESTAMENTO HEBRAICO - INTRODUÇÃO EM INGLÊS

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